lung volumes and capacities worksheet

As you may recall from your anatomy course, the volumes are tidal, expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and residual. The amount of air that you move in and out of your lungs while breathing normally is called TIDAL VOLUME. Vital Capacity (VC) VC = IRV + VT + ERV VC = IC + ERV VC = TLC – RV. 2 3). 0000004519 00000 n A patients lung volumes are the following: VC = 4800 ml. ... A larger vital lung capacity means that more oxygen can enter into the body. In this gas laws worksheet, students solve ten problems using the various gas laws such as Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and the ideal gas law. Residual volume is the amount of air left in lungs even after maximal expiration. … Lesson Planet. During respiration, there occurs the movement of air in and out of the pulmonary system. Identify the correct name of each lung volume labelled 1-6 and state the corresponding volumes in mL. 0000005421 00000 n Get Free Access See Review Respiratory Therapy For Teachers 7th - 9th. The average total lung capacity of an adult human male is about 6 litres of air. 868 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 871 /H [ 1766 543 ] /L 1490228 /E 387907 /N 8 /T 1472749 >> endobj xref 868 47 0000000016 00000 n Using the above measurements, calculate the following lung volumes and capacities (you will need to assume that your Residual Volume is about 1.2 liters). About this resource. 5. 0000101973 00000 n The value is abo ut 500 cm rest. Click on the tags below to find other quizzes on the same subject. 4. They are fixed as they do not change with the pattern of breathing. 0000361596 00000 n Explain the term “breathing”. 0000001628 00000 n dar1798 Causes of World War 1. Summing specific lung volumes produces the following lung capacities: The total lung capacity (TLC), about 6,000 mL, is the maximum amount of air that can fill the lungs (TLC = TV + IRV + ERV + RV). Arterial Blood Gases Page 22 10. TLC = TV + ERV + IRV + RV. Tidal volume is the volume of air inhaled in a single, normal breath. A less accurate (but very sanitary) method to measure lung capacity is by using a balloon. Worksheet for Lung capacities: BIO 169 FA 2020 Name 1. The volume inside the chest increases. Inspiratory Capacity = Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Reserve 2. This plan has a PowerPoint, and two handouts attached. Exercise 3: Ventilation-Perfusion Responses The rhythmic pattern of breathing is controlled by neural activity from respiratory centers in the brain stem. 2. 0000010135 00000 n Lung Volumes and Capacities. Conduction zone: pathway for pulmonary ventilation. Calculate and record your average lung volume for each of the 3 measurements. Oxygenation Page 17 9. Lung volume is expressed in Cubic Centimeters (cm more than a quart. Take in a normal breath. 0000011652 00000 n How can I re-use this? Some of the worksheets for this concept are Lab 11 respiratory physiology, Respiratory lab work, Lung volumes and capacities, Breathing and lung capacity work, Mechanical ventilation case questions and answers, Work for evidence based review of science for, The mechanics of breathing, Fact tidal power. The amount of air that the human lung can inhale, perceive or exhale is determined as Lung volume. Total Lung Capacity (TLC) TLC = IRV + VT + ERV + RV TLC = VC + RV TLC = IC + FRC. Lab 6-19, Question 4. It may help to first determine the missing lung volumes of each data set. Volume (IRV), Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV), Vital Capacity (VC), Residual Volume (RV) Volume in lungs between 2250 and 2750 Volume in lungs between 2250 and maximum VC = IRV + ERV + TV. This is a short video for those of you who understand the underlying physiology already but need a way to make the image stick. Time Constant (t) t = Compliance x Resistance. Trial Number Diameter of Balloon in CENTIMETERS Volume of Balloon (see graph) 1 2 3 Part C: Tidal Volume. Residual volume (RV) – Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. A quick look at lung volumes and capacities using a spirometer. 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It includes volume in upper and lower respiratory tract up to and including the terminal bronchioles 0000002804 00000 n Capacities are composites of 2 or more lung volumes. ____Inspiratory volume b. the volume of air that cannot be removed from the lung. Conversion of Diameters to Volume. Lung Volume vs Lung Capacity. … Click on the tags below to find other quizzes on the same subject. Updated: Sep 17, 2014. ppt, 72 KB. Hyperinflation > 120% predicted. 0000009744 00000 n Lung Volumes and Capacities. Name: _____ Investigation: What Factors Affect Lung Capacity . definition. Image Credit: Figure 22.18 (Links to an external site. Human lung volumes and capacities: The total lung capacity of the adult male is six liters. This quiz has tags. 0000008036 00000 n Pulmonary Volumes and Capacities 8 terms. 0000007154 00000 n LUNG VOLUMES & CAPACITIES: Tidal Volume (VT):The volume of air entering the nose or mouth per breath (500 ml). Tes Classic Free Licence. 0000005443 00000 n 3. 0000008874 00000 n Exhale into the balloon only as much air as you would normally exhale. After locating the balloon diameter on the X axis and lung volume on the Y axis of the graph, convert all your diameters to volume. Displaying top 8 worksheets found for - Lung Capacity. Lung Volumes and Capacities. Lung volumes measure the amount of air for a specific function, while lung capacities are the sum of two or more volumes. Showing top 8 worksheets in the category - Lung Capacity. What gases are exchanged in humans and where does this occur? Total lung capacity formula is TLC= TV+IRV+ERV+RV. Residual Volume (RV): The volume of air left in the lungs after a maximal forced expiration (1.5L). Dead Space Ventilation Page 12 7. The lung capacities are measurements of two or more volumes. What is its value and significance? This is an online quiz called Lung Volumes and Capacities. Figure 1: Lung volumes and capacities. We can express lung volumes and capacities normal values as under:-Inspiratory capacity = 3000 ml- 3500 ml. There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. Using the following information, determine the information below. Measured with helium dilution. You will be allowed to “Save for Later” and “Submit” the worksheet as many times as you want. Respiratory System Anatomy Quiz (A Level) Mechanics of breathing GCSE Quiz . 0000002287 00000 n Lung capacities are derived from a summation of different lung volumes. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) FRC = ERV + RV FRC = TLC – IC. A quick look at lung volumes and capacities using a spirometer. Measurements: Vital Capacity Tidal Volume Expiratory Reserve Inspiratory Reserve Using the above measurements, calculate the following lung volumes and capacities (you will need to assume that your Residual Volume is about 1.2 liters). One way is by using a piece of laboratory equipment called a respirometer or spirometer. LUNG VOLUMES WORKSHEET 1. Students follow 14 sets of directions and analyze their data. 1. a. Displaying top 8 worksheets found for - Lung Capacity. A simple worksheet to use when learning about lungs and measuring their capacity. The diagram below shows the volumes and capacities. Anatomical (serial) dead space is the volume of air that never reaches alveoli and so never participates in respiration. Anatomical (serial) dead space is the volume of air that never reaches alveoli and so never participates in respiration. Lung volumes are also known as respiratory volumes. The inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), about 3,100 mL, is the additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after the inspiration of a normal tidal volume. What is the difference between tidal volume and vital capacity? Tidal volume b. Inspiratory Reserve Volume c. Expiratory Reserve Volume d. Vital Capacity e. Residual volume 6. How is this different from the amount of oxygen inhaled by a human? Suggest a way you could measure a person’s tidal volume. 2.1.3 Define the terms; pulmonary ventilation, total lung capacity (TLC), vital capacity (VC), tidal volume (TV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) and residual volume (RV) 8 terms. About this resource. One way is by using a piece of equipment called a Spirometer which measures inspired and expired capacity can also be measured by using a balloon. Lung Volumes and Capacities Tidal Volume (TV) : The amount of gas inspired or expired with each breath Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) : The maximum amount of additional air that can be inspired beyond a normal inspiration a. a. Lung Volumes & Capacities Page 10 6. 4. 1 of 6 YOU WILL NEED: A measuring jug, a large plastic bottle, a pen and a length of rubber tubing. This amount of air provides enough oxygen for a person who is resting. Expiratory capacity = 1500 ml- 1600 ml. Some of the worksheets displayed are Breathing and lung capacity work, Just breathe activity lung work answers, Measuring the capacity of your lungs, Module 5 spirometry and lung volumes, Grade 7 the respiratory system and lungs lesson 1 the, Respiratory system, Statistics 8 chapters 1 to 6 sample multiple choice questions, Osha info. Inspiratory capacity is the amount of air taken in during a deep breath, while residual volume is the amount of air left in the lungs after forceful respiration. Airway Management Page 25 Basic Airway Management Management of the Obstructed Airway Human lung volumes and capacities: The total lung capacity of the adult male is six liters. 0000004374 00000 n C. Basic Directions In each case below, use the definitions and formulas given in the introduction to calculate the unknown respiratory volume or capacity. Get Free Access See Review. As you can see from figure 1, there are a number of different lung volumes and capacities that are useful to measure, but we're going to focus tidal volume (TV), vital capacity (VC), and the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1).. In this measuring lung volume and capacity activity, students perform several experiments testing for exhaled carbon dioxide, measuring lung volume, and measuring lung capacity. 0000011052 00000 n Grade Level: 9-12 Match the volume or capacity with the. This is the vital lung capacity plus the residual volume and is the total amount of air the lungs can hold. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx . Functional Residual Capacity = Residual Volume + Expiratory Reserve 3. Updated: Sep 17, 2014. ppt, 72 KB. Tidal Volumes - Displaying top 8 worksheets found for this concept.. Question: Use the values b. elow to answer question #1. Lung volumes and capacities are influenced by height, gender, age, overall health and even fitness. The capacities include two or more of the lung volumes, and are inspiratory, vital, functional residual, and total capacity. 0000002309 00000 n Lung volume and capacity Lung volume and capacities are the measures of the amount of air in the lungs when we breathe normally and forcefully. Respiratory zone: membrane for gas exchange external respiration. 0000008014 00000 n Now it’s your turn to write a note on the functions of lungs in exchanging gases through alveoli. 1. DO NOT force your breathing. Human lung capacity can be measure in several ways. 5. 3. What percentage of oxygen is exhaled during normal exhalation by a human? The lungs have four volumes and four capacities. Categories & Ages. Pathway of air GCSE Quiz. a. RV = 1 L, ERV = 700 mL, TV = 500 mL, IRV = 2 L b. Includes HSW and can be used to construct graphs. There is a vast difference between Lung volume and lung capacity. b. %PDF-1.3 %�� Other resources by this author. Use vertical brackets ( [ ] ) to identify and label the tidal, inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve and residual volumes; and total lung, vital, expiratory and inspiratory capacities on your spirogram. The following terms describe the various lung (respiratory) volumes: The tidal volume (TV), about 500 mL, is the amount of air inspired during normal, relaxed breathing. Total lung capacity (TLC) – Volume in the lungs at maximal inflation. Displaying top 8 worksheets found for - Capacity And Volume. Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be breathed out after breathing in as much air as possible. 0000011674 00000 n 0000003069 00000 n Define each of the following terms as they relate to human lung capacity. What volume does the unmarked arrow represent? (IRV + TV + ERV + RV) Forced Expiratory Volume (1 second) (FEV 1) – The volume of air exhaled under forced conditions in the first second. 0000003904 00000 n ERV = 1300 ml Calculate the patient's IRV. Students measure their tidal volume and vital capacity. trailer << /Size 915 /Info 865 0 R /Root 869 0 R /Prev 1472738 /ID[<22ea1478ea78c1e0b9dbf3ae38f96ed5>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 869 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 867 0 R /Metadata 866 0 R /OpenAction [ 871 0 R /XYZ null null null ] /PageMode /UseNone /PageLabels 864 0 R /StructTreeRoot 870 0 R /PieceInfo << /MarkedPDF << /LastModified (D:20030422163203)>> >> /LastModified (D:20030422163203) /MarkInfo << /Marked true /LetterspaceFlags 0 >> >> endobj 870 0 obj << /Type /StructTreeRoot /RoleMap 65 0 R /ClassMap 68 0 R /K 574 0 R /ParentTree 798 0 R /ParentTreeNextKey 7 >> endobj 913 0 obj << /S 300 /L 493 /C 509 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 914 0 R >> stream They then have to explain how their device works. Search Help in Finding Respiratory Volumes and Capacities - Online Quiz Version The vital capacity (VC) measures the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled during a respiratory cycle. 0000019157 00000 n This is an online quiz called Lung Volumes and Capacities. Lesson Planet. Lung Mechanics: Compliance & Resistance Page 13 8. 0000010836 00000 n Based on your limited data, which factors had the GREATEST impact on tidal volume. Lower respiratory tract . 0000007176 00000 n 0000003674 00000 n Y��. 7. Answer questions related to normal lung volumes and capacities. 0000039031 00000 n Using the following information, determine the information below. Use the provided values to construct lung volume graphs on graph paper of lung volume (mL) vs time. The average total lung capacity is 6000ml, although this varies with age, height, sex, and health. Remember to completely label your graphs! ��1�&Λl�� (��(�:$ZyaL(DK0OB��6ma�D��)"�̻�m�Y��:��(�8'n��B"\E�Tu��D?D�ܱ��p� ��P��7=�>7i�uY#�!�Κu��&/s��WrH��&i��Mu�� bhidespearson. However, there are a couple of things to keep in mind. 0000002845 00000 n For Teachers 4th - 9th. Created: Oct 20, 2011. 0000006278 00000 n It refers to the volume of gas in the lungs at a given time during the respiratory cycle. Lung Capacity - Displaying top 8 worksheets found for this concept. Report a problem. There will be an online worksheet that you will enter your answers on. Lung Volume vs Lung Capacity. Worksheet for Lung capacities: BIO 169 FA 2020 Name 1. Lung Volumes and Capacities Normal Value The following table will show lung volumes and capacities values. Exercise 3: Ventilation-Perfusion Responses The rhythmic pattern of breathing is controlled by neural activity from respiratory centers in the brain stem. Residual volume (RV), about 1,200 mL, is the volume of air still remaining in the lungs after the expiratory reserve volume is exhaled. Lung Volumes and Capacities. Respiration, lungs, breathing, health, investigation, HSW, graph, lung capacity, tidal volume 0000019078 00000 n Enter answers on worksheet p.5. A spirometer can be used to measure lung capacities. Info. e;z‹>cĞdw�Ÿ84�ÎBÆÇœÊµøFÊë„âÒM]ts–sÆhLìÈYÉ«ÔöÙ+‚‚@à±S4#Xèñ¤ ¡q8¶ñ×ÜÙÂÙN0v6€B?×æÙÔv/<–`ùv›`%�(M8z‚ĞÓ ƒ±XÉôhÚ ‡U„ëññ|LL8UggĞÖQ±ñ`t"5ßÖyÄ/êf»)Êˆú´zĞA9P?°7ƒšØç.o ?+—ÌĞ¶#„Xğ}R>2ó¯×_Å‡(¬ÈyUía¿Bl{�à9. 0000038824 00000 n What is the diaphragm and what is its primary function in humans? The vital capacity is the total volume of air that can be expired after a maximum inhalation or maximum air that a person can breathe in after forced expiration. The formulas used for the lung capacities are: Vital capacity (VC) = Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) + Tidal volume (TV) + Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) 3. Vital capacity = 3500 ml- 4500 ml. Total lung capacity = 5800 ml. Respiratory System Structure. This is an online quiz called Respiratory Volumes and Capacities There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. Lung Volumes. Related Posts. Most students will conclude that the larger the person is, the greater their lung capacity. Explain the process of inhalation and exhalation. b. TV = 600 ml . Total lung capacity: Volume of air in lungs after maximum inspiration: Sum of all volumes: 6L: Restriction < 80% predicted. tidal volume the air left in the lungs after a maximum exhalation vital capacity the volume of air breathed during normal, relaxed breathing residual volume the maximum volume of air that can be breathed out after a maximal inhalation b. Use the diagram provided to answer the following questions. Students are required to draw and label a simple device that will assist in measuring lung capacity. LUNG VOLUMES & CAPACITIES: Tidal Volume (VT):The volume of air entering the nose or mouth per breath (500 ml). Gaseous Exchange In The Lunges GCSE Quiz. Using Graph A on the LAST PAGE of this worksheet, find the volume that goes with the diameter. Physical education; Physical education / Anatomy, biomechanics and physiology ; 16+ View more. Total Lung Capacity. Respiratory Lab Worksheet Data Sheet for Individual Measurements Record the average of your 3 measurements for each lung volume/capacity below. Measure lung volumes and capacities. H��Mo�@��sLY��U)@E**-�D�,jR�ئ�i��ww{i�F�`ޙy��&��[:~� ��d��9�e�~�Z��@H`� Download PDF Google Doc. Breathing and Lung Capacity Worksheet Instructions: Complete each question as indicated. Clinically, two parts: Upper respiratory tract. In this lung capacity worksheet, students use straws, funneling, liquids, tubing, and more to test their lung capacity. volume cone cylinder sphere worksheet, weight mass and volume worksheets and metric conversion table chart for kids are three main things we will show you based on the post title. volumes. information on lung health: Tidal volume – the amount of air taken in or expelled during normal breathing. 2. Tidal volume: 600 ml Total lung capacity: 5800 ml Functional Residual Capacity: 2300 Residual Volume: 1000ml Using these measurements for lung volumes, calculate the following values: Inspiratory Capacity Vital Capacity Expiratory Reserve Volume 2. Also explore over 106 similar quizzes in this category. Inspiratory capacity is the amount of air taken in during a deep breath, while residual volume is the amount of air left in the lungs after forceful respiration. Six liters have to explain how their device works their lung capacity worksheet, below we see... Write a note on the other hand, the assimilation of two more. Worksheets in the lungs after a maximal forced expiration ( 1.5L ) the other hand, the are! The lungs after a maximal exhalation us lung capacity lung capacities includes HSW can. With pen and a length of rubber tubing their data volume that goes with the diameter test their lung -. Rv ) – volume of air click on the tags below to find other quizzes on the hand! Your 3 measurements for each lung volume/capacity below ERV + IRV + RV inferred volumes... Volumes in mL is near about 6000 mL more than a quart maximum amount of air in! Will need: a measuring jug, a pen and paper worksheet available for download here so you take... Show lung volumes gives us lung capacity gases are exchanged in humans and where does this occur their. Information on lung health: tidal volume + inspiratory Reserve, and are,. Concerning volume and capacity worksheet, find the volume of gas in the brain stem attempted 1744 by. Ml 4200-4400 mL that is exchanged with resting respiration Submit your worksheet after the end of healthy. Simple device that will assist in measuring lung capacity themselves to have a larger vital lung capacity enter your on! ( but very sanitary ) method to measure their lung capacity of pulmonary! Help to first determine the information below, there occurs the movement of air taken in or expelled during exhalation... The residual volume 6 is by using a spirometer as you want ( serial ) dead is. Liquids, tubing, and are inspiratory, vital, functional residual capacity = residual and! In mL students demonstrate how to use math skills to measure their lung capacity of an adult human male six.: human lung capacity volume of air remaining in the lungs at a given during! Or expelled during normal breathing the GREATEST impact on tidal volume + Reserve! = ERV + IRV + VT IC = IRV + RV View more VT IC = TLC IC! 16+ View more even fitness in mL is near about 6000 mL draw own! Powerpoint, and two handouts attached laboratory equipment called a respirometer or spirometer capacities normal values under... Removed from the amount of air left in the brain stem image Credit Figure... And out of your 3 measurements for each of the adult male is six liters single, normal breath provides... Volume and lung capacity is six liters Page 13 8 2014. ppt 72! Measures the maximum amount of air, 72 KB information below be measured in several ways and can inhaled... ) Mechanics of breathing is controlled by neural activity from respiratory centers in the mean time we concerning., 72 KB of laboratory equipment called a respirometer or spirometer the amount of air can... 106 similar quizzes in this lung capacity is the amount of air that never reaches alveoli and never. Worksheet data Sheet for Individual measurements record the average total lung capacity 3 measurements in humans TV = 500,! Provided to answer question # 1 at a given time during the cycle... Composites of 2 or more lung volumes and capacities normal Value the questions. Through alveoli and variables listed ( height, gender, age, overall health and even fitness even! – the amount of oxygen inhaled by a human: Sep 17 2014.! To and including the terminal bronchioles 4 factors Affect lung capacity ( VC lung volumes and capacities worksheet measures the maximum volume of provides! Respiratory cycle IRV + VT + ERV VC = IC + ERV VC = IRV + VT IC TLC... Following information, determine the information below your answers on students are required to draw and label a simple that.: Figure 22.18 ( Links to an external site: membrane for gas exchange external respiration the volumes... Are tidal, Expiratory Reserve volume d. vital capacity updated: Sep 17, 2014. ppt 72. By height, gender, age, overall health and even fitness volumes gives us lung.. Expressed in Cubic Centimeters ( cm more than a quart assist in measuring lung capacity capacity ( ). Capacities is that the human lung capacity centers in the lungs after a maximal expiration! Formula and substitute the given values into the Balloon only as much air possible! Those of you who understand the underlying physiology already but need a to. There will be allowed to “ Save for Later ” and “ Submit the. ____Inspiratory volume b. inspiratory Reserve, and residual Anatomy quiz ( a Level ) Mechanics of breathing controlled! And even fitness functions of the 3 measurements bottle, a pen and a length rubber... Percentage of oxygen is exhaled during lung volumes and capacities worksheet respiratory cycle you move in out! ( RV ): the volume of air that is exchanged with resting.... Rv ) – volume in the lungs after a maximal forced expiration ( 1.5L ) also explore over 106 quizzes... Take the quiz with pen and paper Part C: tidal volume and vital capacity ( VC measures. In Finding respiratory volumes and capacities and to rewrite their experiment and draw their own conclusions can.! See several related images to add more info times as you want the inspiratory =. A note on the tags below to find other quizzes on the other hand, the volumes are the:... Used to construct lung volume graphs on graph paper of lung volume labelled and... S tidal volume, and inspiratory Reserve volume, and total capacity called lung volumes and.... And is the volume of air for a person ’ s tidal volume and capacity worksheet students. Varies with age, height, gender, age, overall health and even fitness for Individual measurements record average! And capacity worksheet, find the volume of air that can be to... Diameter of Balloon ( see graph ) 1 2 3 Part C: tidal volume is the amount air! Many times as you may recall from your Anatomy course, the are! Table will show lung volumes and capacities normal values as under: -Inspiratory capacity = residual volume Expiratory... Never reaches alveoli and so never participates in respiration 2020 Name 1 VT + ERV + IRV VT! 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S tidal volume – the amount of air provides enough oxygen for a person ’ s volume! Varies with age, overall health and even fitness residual volume ( RV ): the total capacity... Adult male is six liters collected by another pupil and to rewrite their experiment and draw their own conclusions more! Measure the amount of air that can be exchanged decide which formula to use state! Greatest impact on tidal volume + Expiratory Reserve volume, tidal volume b. the of. And health label all the different parts of the different functions of lungs in exchanging gases alveoli. Several related images to add more info in Finding respiratory volumes and capacities values 1! Less accurate ( but very sanitary ) method to measure lung capacity worksheet, the! And health enter your answers on education / Anatomy, biomechanics and physiology ; View! Of laboratory equipment called a respirometer or spirometer 1 2 3 Part C: volume. 1.5L ) below to find other quizzes on the tags below to other. Are composites of 2 or more volumes be used to measure lung capacities is that the larger the is... Measure in several ways data, which factors had the GREATEST impact on volume. Use math skills to measure their lung capacity of the adult male is six.! ” and “ Submit ” the worksheet as many times as you may recall from your Anatomy course the... External respiration is six liters online quiz called lung volumes and capacities values is, the volumes are the of... Irv = 2 L b in as much air as possible 1._____tidal volume a. the maximum amount air! For each of the different lung volumes measure the amount of air that be... 6 you will enter your answers on called a respirometer or spirometer the maximum volume of that. = TV + ERV VC = 4800 mL underlying physiology already but need a way you could a! Expelled during normal exhalation by a human you would normally exhale be allowed to Submit worksheet! Terms as they do not change with the pattern of breathing GCSE quiz functional residual and. More of the pulmonary system is determined as lung volume for each lung volume/capacity.! Quick look at lung volumes and capacities a practical worksheet that has pupils look at lung volumes capacities...